How To Break Up Clumps Of Soil

If your topsoil has large clumps, it has a high clay content and was not screened before it was delivered. Breaking up the clumps of clay will be difficult, but eventually you will be able to smooth everything out. Rake the clumps onto a tarp and mash them with your rake. Gypsum can help break up the clumps but the best way to improve the soil over the long term is to add lots of organic matter. Tight, clay soils are loosened by mixing in organic amendments, or organic materials.

The amendments hold the clay particles apart, creating more space for air, which is critical to root growth. Add gypsum and then some compost or aged manure and rototil or dig it in. Plant your perennials and add another 2-3 inches of compost over the bare soil, digging it in at the end of the gardening season.

Add fresh mulch each year and dig it into the soil. Eventually you will have garden loam instead of clumps of clay. Working wet soil will pack soil particles tightly, leaving less room for water and air to penetrate. Compacted soil also makes it more difficult for plant roots and gardening equipment to move through the soil.

The compression forms tight clumps of soil that become hard as rocks upon drying and are difficult to break up. In addition to making it difficult for plants to grow, compacted soils also tend to drain more slowly, in turn delaying the ability to work the soil after the next rainfall. This idea rests on the notion that the roots of your plants will only go down around 20cm and so it is only the top level of the soil that needs work.

(Plus it is thought that deep digging destroys the soil structure.) You will still need to dig the plot the very first time you get it, but not from then on. Instead lightly fork and rake over the top layer of soil before each planting season and add organic matter if needed. When we talk about soil compaction, we think about the porosity, or pore size, of soil composition. Soil pores are the empty spaces between soil particles.

These allow for proper water movement, ease of plant root growth, and room for necessary nutrients and air. In compacted soil, pore sizes decrease, making it more difficult to grow healthy plants. Spring is a good time to improve compacted soil by breaking up clumps and working in soil amendments like compost, leaf mold, and sand . Mulching – Clay soils can tend to speed water runoff because water isn't absorbed as quickly into clay soils as it is other soils. Clay soils also tends to stick to the bottoms of your shoes, which can make a mess when you go indoors. By adding a layer of mulch to clay soil, you not only help keep the house clean, but can reduce the number of weeds that sprout.

As mulch decomposes,it will enhance nutrition and water retention, which ultimately allows for better plant growth. Mulch will slow down water run-off allowing clay soil more time to absorb, and store, water. A layer of mulch is also cooler than exposed soil which helps to reduce temperatures overall in the garden. Amend clay soil by adding plenty of organic material, such as well-aged compost, sawdust (but not from pressure-treated wood), composted manure or leaf mould . For example, when making a new bed, spread several inches of organic material over the area and dig it in at least eight inches deep.

When moving or adding new perennials to an existing bed, throw a shovelful of compost into the planting hole. Organic matter in soil serves as food for earthworms, insects, bacteria and fungi-they transform it to soil nutrients and humus. Through this decomposition process, materials are made available as foods to growing plants. In finely textured clay soils, organic material creates aggregates of the soil particles, improving drainage and making it easier to work.

Earthworms are especially helpful in making and keeping soil porous and well draining, said Brewer. The flat blade of the D-handle garden spade is ideal for edging beds.When I began to garden seriously, I felt the need to double dig. That's the technique in which you remove the top 12 inches of soil with a spade and loosen the subsoil with a fork.

I went out and bought an English gardening spade with an ash handle and a forged-steel blade. The shaft is short, about 36 inches, and ends with a handle shaped something like a "D." The D-shape allows you to push and pull the tool with the least amount of strain to your wrist. The short shaft allows you to put your weight on top of the tool for leverage. And the 11-inch hardened steel blade cuts through the soil easily and holds up to any amount of leveraging. In double digging, you use the spade to cut a chunk of soil and lift it carefully onto your loosened subsoil, setting it down like a piece of cake. The flat blade allows you to dig to a uniform depth.

Clay is held together by water - turning the soil and leaving it open to the frost freezes the water and breaks the clay apart. I wouldn't glysophate the lawn, lift the turf and bury it a spade depth down. The addition of grit and plenty of organic matter will improve drainage and the structure of the soil.

It will be hard work, but there are no quick solutions to heavy clay soils. While working with clay is tough on gardeners, the biggest issue for plants is the slow drainage. Improving its structure improves drainage; planting in raised beds made with good soil also helps.

With careful management and generous additions of organic material, clay soil will improve over time — lots of time. The soil will become more workable, but expect to spend a few years amending clay before you notice an appreciable difference. If it is in a garden bed, see if you can raise the level of the garden bed to provide better drainage. Dig sand into clay whenever you work it and you will see a gradual improvement. Add plenty of organic matter and mulch, as this helps open up clay. With lawns, leave the lawn clippings where they are mown, as this provides organic matter, and pour sand down the cracks which open up in the dry periods.

Gypsum will improve sodic clay soils, but these soils are uncommon on the North Coast. Bark, sawdust, manure, leaf mold, compost and peat moss are among the organic amendments commonly used to improve clay soil. Two or three inches of organic materials should be spread and rototilled, forked or dug into the top six or seven inches of your garden beds. Compaction is most likely to occur with heavier soils like clay and loam, but when heavy equipment is used, sandy soils can become compacted. These are soil particles that are packed closely together. The problem may be compounded by events that have happened to the soil over the course of years.

The pore spaces are reduced to the point that air and water cannot move freely and plant roots cannot grow easily into the surrounding soil. The soil could remain overly wet longer than is healthy for the plants growing there. I am looking at 2 very different tools to help me in the garden. I have partitioned the garden to give me some space for a veg patch in addition to the lawn. Currently the area is lawn, I plan to either lift or glyphosate the area to get rid of the lawn .

I then plan on adding a lot of organic multi purpose, top-soil and farmyward manure to the area. By aerating your clay soil and adding an amendment, you can break it down fast and encourage new growth. Wait until the ground's completely wet or dry, since it'll be harder to work with soil that's partially damp.

Then, turn your soil by digging up small amounts where you want to put plants to aerate it. Once you've turned the soil, mix in an amendment, like compost, biochar, manure, or a commercial soil conditioner, to add some extra nutrients. If your plants still struggle to grow, lay an extra layer of topsoil over the clay.

Sowing small seeds into large lumps of compost and manure is unlikely to succeed, so keep the most crumbly and finest organic matter for your surface layer of mulch. Likewise, an excellent time to spread compost is in autumn, as soon as the previous crops finish. Then there is time for frost to break up any lumps and for worms to start taking it down, leaving a fair tilth by spring.

It's spring, which means it's time to get your garden ready for the growing season! You cleaned up debris, leaves, and broken branches, and now it's time to think about preparing your soil for planting. Out in nature, in undisturbed forests and fields, organic debris and leaf litter remain on the soil surface to decay naturally. Decaying organic matter helps keep plants and trees healthy.

In the garden landscape, we remove this debris routinely to keep things looking tidy. Because of this, we expend great effort replacing the potentially beneficial aspects of decaying organic matter we removed in fall clean-up. These soils are made up of fine particles that can be easily compacted by treading and use of garden machinery. They are prone to washing away and wind erosion if left exposed to the elements without plant cover. However, they contain more nutrients than sandy soils and hold more water, so tend to be quite fertile. You can bind the silt particles into more stable crumbs by the addition of organic matter.

Following any of these treatments applying 6X in early spring gets your garden off to the perfect start for the season. 6X is a well-known and well-loved alternative to traditional farmyard manure which takes a lot of the effort out of spreading manure on the garden. One 15kg sack is equivalent to six or more sacks of traditional bagged farmyard manure and treats up to 184 sq metres .

After selecting and purchasing the seed, it's time to prepare the soil for the planting process. This is a very important step in knowing how to plant grass seed successfully. The tender roots of young grass plants will not grow well in compacted soils so it's essential that this step be done properly. Here are instructions for prepping the ground to overseed bare spots in an established lawn and instructions on how to prepare for planting grass seed in a large bare area. You will need to work at it over the years by repeating the process though.

Baked clay is almost impossible to break up, rotivate or dig, it's easier to spread the organic matter and grit and wait until the worms have done some of the work for you. Clay consists of minute mineral particles that tend to cling tightly together. Because there are lots of them they have a big surface area which efficiently hangs on to water and nutrients. Soils with larger particles have more air space and allow the passage of water more freely. So if you can make the soil particles in a clay soil larger you improve drainage and the texture.

How To Break Up Big Clumps Of Dirt Soil organisms can represent 3% of the dry matter in your soil. They include bacteria, fungi, mites, ants, millipedes, beetles, earthworm, slugs and snails. Soil organisms derive their energy and nutrients from breaking down plant and animal material. When digesting this material they release oxygen and mineral nutrients that plants can use. Whey they die they decompose and release more nutrients, so are valuable contributors to soil fertility. They also help improve soil structure with their tunnelling and burrowing, and by converting fine particles into larger crumbs.

Soil organisms need large supplies of organic matter to live on, warmth , moisture., oxygen and a near-neutral soil pH. In the first season or two after adding organic material to the soil, you will want to take care when watering. The heavy, slower draining soil surrounding your flower or vegetable bed will act like a bowl and water could build up in the bed. In a garden bed, the best way to introduce organic material without digging , is to apply layers on top and let nature do the work for you.

Simply pile your garden bed high with organic material – it can be wood chips, shredded paper, straw, chopped leaves, lawn clippings – whatever you can lay your hands on. It might be slow, but the wait will give you time to get to know your land before you plant. These light soils are usually low in nutrients, and lose water very quickly being particularly free-draining. You can boost the water and nutrient holding capacity of your soil by adding plenty of organic matter to bind the loose sand into more fertile crumbs. Fertilisers may also be necessary to give plants grown in sandy soils an extra boost.

Backfill with the soil you removed (if it's relatively fertile) or amend it slightly by adding organic matter. If you amend the backfill material too radically, the resulting drastic change in soil fertility and texture will discourage roots from spreading out beyond the sides of the hole. It's best to heavily amend the whole bed or border than individual planting areas wherever possible, but it's better to amend a single planting hole than do nothing at all. How to water clay soils most effectively – Watering is the biggest challenge most gardeners' face and most people over-water their plants. For clay soils, overwatering is the most common cause for plants dying. Clay soil tends to hold water for long periods of time, therefore, if your garden soil is made up of clay, you should be watering less frequently.

Spots in your yard that stay wet almost constantly are a sure sign you need to cut back on the amount of water you are applying. Check with your local county extension service to find the recommended watering rates for your area. One last thing that can be a draw back to a clay soil is if you have a boggy area, clay soils can limit the amount of air plant roots get when they are saturated. If you have a boggy area select plants that tolerate wet soils. Leave plants that need good drainage, to other parts of your garden.

Cover areas of clay soil with slower composting materials such as bark, sawdust, or ground wood chips. Use these organic materials for mulch, and, as they break down, they will work themselves into the soil below. Working these larger and slower composting materials into the soil itself could cause harm to the plants you plan to grow in that space. You are better off just letting them work in naturally over a long period of time.

After holes are poked into the soil, consider turning over sections and loosening any hard clumps. You should churn any clay soil where you intend to plant so the roots have a better chance of absorbing moisture and nutrients. Once you finish basic aeration, you can focus on adding amendments to the lawn to help the clay soil break down and become more nutritious. For an approach like this and to grow potatoes at the same time, see Naomi Schillinger's blog of summer 2012. Vegetables are hungry plants and require a soil that is well structured and full of life.

How To Use Apple Watch Series 6

The Apple Watch Series 7 offers the best combination of style, message handling, activity tracking, app selection, and battery life of any smartwatch for any platform. It comes in two body sizes—41 mm and 45 mm—that offer more active screen area than on previous Apple Watches in similarly sized bodies. It's a little faster at running apps than the Apple Watch SE, and noticeably faster than the still-available Apple Watch Series 3. And it includes more premium features than previous models, such as an always-on display, blood oxygen measurement, ECG, more crack-resistant glass, and faster charging. It's also available in more expensive steel and titanium casings. Of all the smartwatches we've tested—for both iPhone and Android—the Apple Watch Series 7 represents the best overall package.

It does all the Apple Watch-y things most people probably want just as well as, or better than, any other Apple Watch, including fitness tracking, messaging, and apps. The Series 7's screens offer much more viewable area thanks to slightly larger casings and narrower borders, and the always-on screen means you don't have to lift your arm to check the time or status of your apps. It also has the most complete suite of health tracking tools, including blood oxygen monitoring and ECG, as well as faster charging and more crack-resistant glass.

The Apple Watch Series 7 is a great first smartwatch, and it's a solid upgrade if you have an Apple Watch Series 3 or older. If you own a Series 4, 5, or 6 that's still working well though, the Series 7 features won't feel like much of an upgrade. Apple Watch Series 6 is more than a regular smartwatch with features like ECG, blood oxygen calculations among others. Additionally, the brighter always-on display and the altimeter coupled with various other features make it one of the best devices for fitness enthusiasts. However, battery life and sleep tracking features could have been better.

It certainly is the best smartwatch if you compare it with devices from rival companies. However, the feel that the flagship Series 6 competes with its predecessors and the latest Watch SE, which offers almost all features except important health features like ECG and blood oxygen reading. The Apple Watch Series 7 offers all-day battery life and faster charging than previous models. Apple promises up to 18 hours of use on a charge—enough for the Watch to get through each day when you charge it each night, or for it to track your sleep if you're willing to charge it for a bit during the day.

We've found that we can use the Apple Watch Series 7 just as we have previous generations, with plenty of power remaining at the end of the day. In one test, the battery was at 30% after about 13 hours of wear, including an hour of activity tracking and audio streaming over LTE. I regularly end the day with more than 50% remaining, even with the ambient screen active, heart rate monitoring, and all those pesky notifications flooding in. You can certainly get your watch battery to last between a day and two days on a single charge but that will depend on various app features and usage frequency. The battery can reach from 0% to 80% in about 1 hour and 100% in around 90 minutes. The ECG system has received clearance from the United States Food and Drug Administration, a first ever for a consumer device, and is supported by the American Heart Association.

This device can also detect falls and will automatically contact emergency services unless the user cancels the outgoing call. The microphone was moved to the opposite side between the side button and the digital crown to improve call quality. Other changes include the digital crown incorporating haptic feedback with the Apple Haptic Engine and includes the new Apple-designed W3 wireless chip. Force touch technology has been removed in Watch Series 6 and Watch SE. The watch also has a side button which can be used to display recently used apps and access Apple Pay, which is used for contactless payment. Apple rates the device's battery for 18 hours of mixed usage.

The watch then reverts to its original mode when recharged or after holding down the side button. Additional features include a new S6 processor that is up to 20% faster than the S4 and S5, a 2.5× brighter always-on display, and an always-on altimeter. The S6 incorporates an updated, third generation optical heart rate sensor and also enhanced telecommunication technology, including support for ultra-wideband via Apple's U1 chip, and the ability to connect to 5 GHz Wi-Fi networks. The Series 6 watch was updated with faster charging hardware such that it completes charging in ~1.5 hours.

Force Touch hardware was removed, consistent with the removal of all Force Touch functionality from watchOS 7. Series 2 introduces water resistance at a rating of 50 meters. It can keep track of the number of laps and distance during Swimming workouts.

During swimming, the touch function can be manually disabled with 'Underwater mode'. Once this is turned off, by rotating the Digital Crown continuously, it uses the speaker to expel residual water through a series of 10 vibrations. Most recently used apps now are saved in the background, so apps and information load faster. The Series 2 was sold in casings of anodized Aluminium, Stainless Steel and Ceramic. In comparison to other Apple products and competing smartwatches, marketing of the Apple Watch promoted the device as a fashion accessory.

Apple later focused on its health and fitness-oriented features, in an effort to compete with dedicated activity trackers. The watchOS 3 added fitness tracking for wheelchair users, social sharing in the Activity app, and a Breathe app to facilitate mindfulness. The Apple Watch Series 7 is the first model to come in 41 mm and 45 mm sizes, a 1 mm height increase, respectively, over the small and large versions of the previous few generations. Combined, these elements make for a larger screen that offers an appreciable difference. We especially like that the bigger on-screen buttons are easier to tap.

The display also follows the glass's curved edges, but this is mainly noticeable on certain watch faces. Apple bases "all-day" battery life estimates on 90 time checks, 90 notifications, 45 minutes of app use, and a 60-minute workout with music playback via Bluetooth. For LTE models, Apple assumes four hours of LTE connection and 14 hours of connection to an iPhone. In some situations, the Apple Watch will drain faster, such as during calls or workouts.

The latest smartwatch comes with a new processor, which is called S6 System-in-Package , which is 20% faster than the processor in the Watch 5. It also comes equipped with the W3 Apple wireless chip, which is the same as the previous watch, but features the U1 ultra-wideband chip, which Apple used in the iPhone 11 Pro. The smartwatch certainly feels faster and smoothly runs all the tasks be it navigating or opening apps. You might not get this smooth experience in any watch running Google Wear or the Galaxy smartwatches. Things like UI, design, usability and speed among others that make the smartwatch a perfect second screen to your phone, and the Apple Watch successfully manages to do that besides being a great health device.

As Apple does every year, it promised all-day battery life on the Series 6, and, as always, even with the introduction of new features, the company delivers. All day means about 18 hours to Apple, and in my experience—with workouts, sleep tracking, and moderate use—it could easily meet the 24-hour mark. The rest of Apple's comprehensive health and fitness-tracking features from previous generation Apple Watches return. The Series 6 will track many different sports and has long enough battery life to see most through a marathon. Note you can play music from Apple Music straight from the watch without your phone but not Spotify. WatchOS 3.0 was announced at WWDC 2016, with a priority on performance.

Users are able to keep apps running in memory as well as receive background updates and refreshed information. Other updates include a new Dock invoked with the side button to replace the performance-laden Glances, an updated Control Center, and new reply options on Messages. Several new watch faces have also been added, including Minnie Mouse, along with the ability to switch watch faces from the lock screen simply by swiping. A new app called Breathe guides users through breathing exercises throughout the day, with visuals and haptic feedback. The first difference is the upgraded dual-core S6 chip based on the A13 Bionic processor used in the iPhone 11.

According to Apple, the new S6 chip is up to 20% faster than the S5 in the Series 5 Apple Watch, and it's definitely faster than my Series 3. While I never really felt the Series 3 was slow, the Series 6 feels much snappier. The Series 6 also offers the same 18-hour battery life as the Series 5. Coming from the Series 3 (which did not have an always-on display), I actually feel that the battery life is a little shorter than my old watch. But I'll happily trade a little bit of battery for that always-on display.

The Series 6 also gives you fast charging, allowing you to charge to 80% in about one hour and a full charge in 1.5 hours. So while the battery may not last any longer, the time you spend charging your Apple Watch is actually less. And the always-on display is 2.5 also times brighter than the Series 5, making it much easier to see outside in direct sunlight. Check apple.com/ca/watch/cellular for participating wireless carriers and eligibility.

See support.apple.com/en-us/HT for additional setup instructions. Seesupport.apple.com/en-ca/HT for additional setup instructions. See support.apple.com/en-ca/HT for additional setup instructions. Charging a watch every night isn't much of a hassle at home, where you're likely charging your phone, too.

We have some recommendations for great charging accessories, including three-in-one wireless charging stations for your Apple Watch, iPhone, and AirPods. Apple doesn't provide capacity specs, but the Series 7 Apple Watch has the same 18-hour battery life as prior models. That's enough to get you through the day, but if you want to do sleep tracking, you're going to have to charge the watch. There are some tradeoffs with the Apple Watch Series 3 because it is a much older model, such as a smaller display, an older chipset, and the lack of a compass, fall detection, ECG, and blood oxygen monitoring.

Check apple.com/lae/watch/cellular for participating wireless carriers and eligibility. See support.apple.com/en-lamr/HT for additional setup instructions. It's also packed with the same fitness tracking features as its more expensive sibling, but lacks some of the more advanced health features like low or irregular heart rate detection and blood oxygen saturation measurements. It also keeps the price low by using a different processor, and there's no "Always-on" function for the screen.

Apple Watch tells you the number of hours you slept and your heart rate throughout the night. After testing this native feature, we feel that Apple needs to give us more details about our sleeping patterns as the watchOS 7's sleep tracking reports are also less detailed compared to other watches. Apple introduces Family Setup in watchOS 72, bringing the communication, health, fitness, and safety features of Apple Watch to kids and older family members of the household who do not have iPhone. Kids and older family members using Family Setup will have their own phone number when they activate a line on T-Mobile's Apple Watch eligible plans. Family Setup will be available with watchOS 7 and iOS 14, and requires cellular models of Apple Watch Series 4 or later or Apple Watch SE, paired with iPhone 6s or later. To be fair, the Apple Watch Series 5 also held those distinctions in its time.

You could argue the same going for annual releases farther back in the Apple Watch's history. But with the Series 6 addition of native sleep tracking and blood oxygen measurements to complement the already solid fitness foundation, there isn't much more you could ask for in a fitness tracker, or smartwatch, at this point. So, to sweeten the deal, Apple finally gave us some fun colors to keep our eyes from wandering. And at the company's recent fall event, Apple also introduced the less-expensive Apple Watch SE.

The 1st generation Apple Watch uses the single-core S1 system-on-chip. It does not have a built-in GPS chip, instead relying on a paired iPhone for location services. It uses a linear actuator called the "Taptic Engine" to provide haptic feedback when an alert or a notification is received, and is used for other purposes by certain apps.

The watch is equipped with a built-in heart rate sensor, which uses both infrared and visible-light LEDs and photodiodes. All versions of the first-generation Apple Watch have 8 GB of storage; the operating system allows the user to store up to 2 GB of music and 75 MB of photos. When the Apple Watch is paired with an iPhone, all music on that iPhone is also available to be controlled and accessed from the Apple Watch. Software support for the first Apple Watch ended with watchOS 4.3.2. LTE-equipped models can connect to a mobile network, including for calling, texting, and installed mobile app data use, substantially reducing the need for an iPhone after initial setup. Although the paired iPhone need not be near the watch, to make a call with the watch, the paired iPhone must still be powered on and connected to a cellular network.

The oldest iPhone model that is compatible with any given Apple Watch depends on the version of system software installed on each device. As of September 2021, new Apple Watches come with watchOS 8 preinstalled and require an iPhone running iOS 15, which is available for the iPhone 6S and later. When I turn everything on—the brighter, always-on screen, sleep-tracking, blood oxygen tracking, the location-based hand washing reminders, two GPS-enabled workouts per day—the watch barely lasts a full day. In fact, since it needs 30 percent of the battery to track your sleep, I occasionally have to top it up before I go to bed. Not all features will be available if the Apple Watch is set up through Family Setup. At this point, we don't recommend the Apple Watch Series 3, which was introduced in 2017 and is still available new from Apple.

The smaller, squared-off display feels dated, and the Series 3 is notably slower at running apps than either the SE or the Series 6. And the storage space is so limited that you'll likely have to completely wipe and restore the Watch every time there's a major software update. If you're considering an Apple Watch for a kid or for a family member without an iPhone, there's a new feature called Family Setup. It's limited to Series 4 and newer Apple Watch models , and they have to be the cellular versions—which means you need to spend at least $330 on that Apple Watch. For most people, Family Setup makes sense only with a hand-me-down.

But if you do use it, you can limit apps and contacts, set a Schooltime mode for limited distractions, and check in on the wearer's whereabouts. Another Apple Watch alternative is the Samsung Galaxy Watch 3. Its features include sleep tracking, advanced workout tracking, an above-average battery life, and an ECG sensor to diagnose atrial fibrillation. The Series 6 has slightly faster charging — in my tests it was charging from zero to 100 percent in a little over two hours, while the Series 5 hit 80 percent. That's a fairly minor bump, but it is marginally useful since more people will be looking to charge it at in-between times so they can take advantage of the new sleep tracking features in watchOS 7.

Note that the altimeter can be inaccurate in some weather conditions. The Apple Watch Series 7 offers the same health monitoring features available with the Series 6. A built-in accelerometer and gyroscope enable other important health-related features such as fall detection. Keeping the Covid-19 pandemic in mind, Apple has added the hand wash feature, Automatic Hand Washing Detection, through the WatchOS 7.

The watch largely uses motion sensors and microphones to automatically detect handwashing motions and sound of running water, and starts the mode which lasts for 20 seconds. If you finish early, the screen prompts to keep washing your hands. The feature should make users adopt the habit to properly wash hands every time they come from outside or after the workout.

Initial reviews for the device have been generally positive with some caveats. Reviewers praised the watch's potential ability to integrate into everyday life and the overall design of the product, but noted issues of speed and price. Many reviewers described the watch as functional and convenient, while also noting failure to offer as much potential functionality as preceding smartphones. Farhad Manjoo of The New York Times mentioned the device's steep learning curve, stating it took him "three long, often confusing and frustrating days" to become accustomed to watchOS 1, but loved it thereafter.

Some reviewers also compared it to competing products, such as Android Wear devices, and claimed "The Smartwatch Finally Makes Sense". He concluded that there is no "killer application" so far besides telling the time, which is the basic function of a wristwatch anyhow. It introduced support for Nightstand mode in portrait orientation.